| 诸葛净.个性、自治、平等与关于房间的想象：20世纪初中国城市中等阶级居住观念中的理想住宅——居住：从中国传统城市住宅到相关问题系列研究之六[J].建筑师,2017,(6):61-68. |
| 个性、自治、平等与关于房间的想象：20世纪初中国城市中等阶级居住观念中的理想住宅——居住：从中国传统城市住宅到相关问题系列研究之六 |
| Imaging Individuality, Autonomy and Equal Rights in Family Life:The Changing Ideals of Life and Housing among the Middle Class in Major Chinese Cities in Early 20th Century——Domesticity: A Serial Study on Chinese Traditional House and Relevant Issues VI |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 中等阶层、理想住宅、房间、个性、自治、平等 |
| 英文关键词: Middel Class, Ideal House, Rooms, Individuality, Autonomy, Equal Rights |
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| 摘要点击次数: 687 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文旨在通过分析20世纪上半叶发表于各类期刊的有关理想居住环境、新式住宅等方面的讨论，探讨20世纪初期上海、天津、北京等城市中等阶级变化了的居住观念，及其与该阶层所认同与向往的居住形式间的关系。论文最终指出，在1920年代，以新文化运动为思想土壤，对自己的社会身份有自觉意识，以个性、自由、平等的新式家庭生活为理想的城市中等阶层，将源于19世纪欧洲资产阶级意识形态的住宅形式，解读为反抗中国旧式住宅所代表的旧式社会制度的工具；住宅的房间和室内第一次成为人们关注的对象，用以重新定义家庭和社会、家庭成员，以及身体与道德的联系。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This paper aims to explore the relationship between the changing ideals of “family life” and the evolving concepts of “domestic space” in the eyes of the Middle Class who lived in major cities such as Shanghai in the fi rst half of the 20th century. This paper closely examines residential designs proposed by architects during this period,including building forms, spatial layout, as well as the size and naming of different rooms. It also takes into consideration the textual evidence that reflects the public criticism against the “old life style” and their aspiration for a new and ideal family life. The author points out that the ideal of a family centered on its members, enabling their autonomy and their expression of individuality, was the most common among the Middle Class in the fi rst half of the 20th century, contrasting previous family ideals that prioritized social hierarchy. Finally, the author argues that the newly emerged ideal of family life changed the public imagination of their domestic space signi fi cantly, and was the driving force behind the rising popularity of houses with individualized rooms in China since the early 20th century. In other words, the widespread adoption of residences with new-styled layouts by the Middle Class was resulted from their demands for individual expressions and autonomy in family life. |
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