| 叶露,黄一如.1958-1966年“设计下乡”历程考察及主客体影响分析[J].建筑师,2017,(6):91-99. |
| 1958-1966年“设计下乡”历程考察及主客体影响分析 |
| Process Study of Design-down-to-village from 1958 to 1966 and the Influence Analysis of Subject and Object |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 设计下乡、乡村、人民公社化、国家意志、自主性 |
| 英文关键词: Design-down-to-village, Village, People’s Commune Movement, National Will, Autonomy |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 中华人民共和国成立至今，乡村营建经历了四次专业技术人员大规模的设计介入，而首次真正意义上的“设计下乡”始于“大跃进”止于“文化大革命”。文章梳理了“人民公社化”运动期间“设计下乡”的历程，并从公社规划和建筑设计两个层面分析“设计下乡”的具体实践。通过剖析此次“设计下乡”行为对乡村空间客体和专业技术主体所产生的不同程度影响，阐述了这一时期国家意志对规划与建筑学学科自主性的负面作用，并针对当前的乡村建设，提出发挥专业自主性、改良现有设计方法和工作模式、建立科学的乡村营建理论体系与设计方法的观点及策略。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Rural construction has experienced four times large-scale design intervention involved by professional and technical personnel since the China foundation, but the fi rst true sense of “design-down-to-village” began from Great Leap Forward to Cultural Revolution. Combing through the course of “design-down-to-village” during the people’s commune movement, the paper summarizes the speci fi c practices of “design-down-to-village” from two levels of commune planning and architectural design. It analyzes the influence of this behavior in different degree for the rural spatial object and professional technical subject, and it then expounds the negative effect of autonomy in planning and architecture discipline due to the national will intervention during this period. The professional autonomy should be brought into play and the improvement of existing design methods and working mode should also be proposed to establish the scientific theory system and design method for the current rural construction. |
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