| 蔡凌 李欣瑜 邓毅.侗族木构建筑的实尺营造[J].建筑师,2020,(4):46-52. |
| 侗族木构建筑的实尺营造 |
| The Real Measurement Tectonic Method in the Dong Minority’s Timber Structure |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 木构建筑、实尺营造、匠杆、竹签、侗族 |
| 英文关键词: Timber structure architecture, Real measurement construction method, Carpenter’s ruler,
Bamboo sticks, Dong minority |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 491 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 侗族工匠们在传统建筑营造活动中发展出了一套在无图样的情况下，获取、记录关键尺度信息，并指导施
工的方法。它既满足无图样的木构建筑标准化建造要求，又解决了木材自然属性带来的弹性尺寸问题。这种建立在一定的营造逻辑上，使用特定的营造工具，并具有一定营造程序的系统，可归纳为侗族传统木构建筑的“实尺营造”。两种关键的实尺——匠杆和竹签，它们的符号标识系统、获取尺寸信息时的量度和记录方法，以及加工构件时的使用程序是“实尺营造”的核心内容。“实尺营造”是侗族传统木构建筑实现设计营造一体化、确保建筑框架结构稳定以及提高营造团队工作效率的重要手段。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Under circumstance of none design drawing, the carpenters of Dong Minority create a method to obtain,
record key dimension information, and to guide construction. This method not only meets the needs of standardized
construction of timber structure without drawings, but also solves the problems of flexible dimension caused by the
natural attribute of the timber. It is a system that bases on a certain construction logic, uses specific tools and has
definite building procedure, which can be concluded to ‘The Real Measurement Construction Method’. Carpenter’s
ruler and bamboo stick are two important real measurement tools of it. Their symbol marks, the way to get, measure
and record the dimensions, also the process to make the structure elements are the core contents of the ‘The Real Measurement Construction Method’, which helps to realize the integration of design and construction, to insure the stability of the frame structure, and to improve the efficiency of the team work. |
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