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| “中国风”的溯源：——17世纪纽霍夫荷兰东印度公司报告书中的中华帝国 |
| Tracing Back Chinoiserie, A Retrospect of Celestial China in Johan Nieuhoff's 17th-Century VOC Report |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-15 修订日期：2025-07-03 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 约翰 纽霍夫 中国风 中国塔 艺术化的假山 |
| 英文关键词: Joan Nieuhof Chinoiserie Chinese Pagoda Cliff of Arts |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 当西方再一次看到这个曾存在于13世纪游记中的东方大国仍然像马可波罗描述的那般瑰丽，但却又前所未有的具体，尤其是对明清之际的教士而言，这场由荷属东印度公司掀起的中国探险热，注定了必将成就纽霍夫、钱伯斯等人的“东方事业”。纽霍夫使团虽然在开拓对华商业贸易方面一无所获，但一如他们的前辈马可波罗，东方使团从商业利益出发，却在文化交流中结果。纽霍夫用于向东印度公司阿姆斯特丹商会的汇报文件以及1765年面世的《荷使初访鞑靼中国》在欧洲时尚文化圈引发了巨大反响。在其后的半个世纪，作为后世风靡欧洲的“Chinoiserie”风尚的开拓者，纽霍夫笔记和书中的150幅版画成为探讨中西方园林，建筑文化交流中最直接有效的材料。从这一角度看，商人的探索总是比单纯传播“上帝福音”的教士们的工作更富于成果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| When the West once again saw the eastern country that had existed in the travel notes of the 13th century was still as magnificent as Marco Polo"s description, but it was unprecedented specific, especially for the missionaries of the Ming and Qing dynasties, this hot exploration of China set off by the Dutch East India Company was destined to achieve the "Eastern cause" of Nieuhof and Chambers. Although the Nieuhof Mission achieved nothing in opening up commercial trade with China, like their predecessor Marco Polo, the Eastern Mission started from commercial interests but ended up in cultural exchanges. Nieuhof"s report to the Amsterdam Chamber of Commerce of the East India Company and the publication of the “An Embassy from the East-India Company” in 1765 caused a huge response in the European fashion and culture circle. In the following half century, as the pioneer of the "Chinoiserie" fashion that was popular in Europe later, Nieuhof "s notes and 150 prints in the book became the most direct and effective materials for discussing the exchange of Chinese and Western gardens and architectural culture. From this point of view, the explorations of businessmen are always more fruitful than the work of missionaries who simply preach the "Gospel of God." |
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