| 李海清 敬登虎.全球流动背景下技术改进与选择案例研究
——抗战后方“战时建筑”设计混合策略初探[J].建筑师,2020,(1):119-128. |
| 全球流动背景下技术改进与选择案例研究
——抗战后方“战时建筑”设计混合策略初探 |
| Case Study on the Mechanism of Technology Modification andSelection under the Global Mobility: A Preliminary Observation on theHybrid Strategy of “Wartime Architecture” in China’s Rear Areaduring the Anti-Japanese War |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 抗日战争时期、战时建筑、西式建筑技术、民间建筑技术、混合、易建性、技术改进、技术选择 |
| 英文关键词: The Anti-Japanese War, Wartime architecture, Western building technology, Vernacular building
technology, Hybrid, Buildability, Technology modification, Technology selection |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 785 |
| 全文下载次数: 711 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 发明与传播是全球流动背景下技术研发与输出的主要形式，而后发地区建筑活动的技术策略也并非仅限于
被动接受输入之一途。本研究聚焦抗战时期中国后方“战时建筑”及其“简易建筑技术”，侧重于重庆地区，特
别关注建筑结构设计，梳理并描述“战时建筑”普遍采用的材料、结构、构造和施工技术概况。进而，以国立女
子师范学院和国立中央大学柏溪分校两所高校建筑为重点展开案例研究，基于原始设计图纸与档案的查阅和针对
性的田野调查，采用结构力学分析结合剖面（空间）设计分析这一跨学科研究方法，揭示其设计采取混合策略的
意图正在于寻求空间合用性、结构合理性与易建性诉求的综合平衡，是一种基于设计思维转变的建筑技术进步。
它不仅表征了一种认知进展的萌发，而且还投射出技术改进与选择的历史逻辑与机制：在抗战后方特定时空条件
下，中国建筑师开始意识到中西木构技术其实各有长短的真相，由此尝试跳脱再现模式，针对“中国问题”，基
于效率考量，开拓新的设计思路。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Invention and dissemination are the main forms of technology R&D and output in the context of global
mobility, and the strategy of building activities in the late-developing regions is not limited to passive acceptance of
input. This study focuses on “wartime architecture” and its “simple building technology” in China’s rear area during
the Anti-Japanese War, concentrates on Chongqing area and paid special attention to structural design, reviews and
describes the materials, structures and construction techniques generally used in “wartime architecture”. In a further
step, based on original drawings, archives and targeted field investigation, the case study is focused on buildings
of two universities. Based on a trans-disciplinary methodology of the structural mechanics analysis integrated
with section space-analysis, it reveals that the intention of adopting a hybrid strategy is to seek a comprehensive
balance of spatial compatibility, structural rationality and buildability. It is a kind of technological progress based
on the transformation of design thinking, which not only represents the germination of cognitive progress, but
also projects the historical logic and mechanism of technology modification and selection. Under the specific time
and space conditions in China’s rear area during the Anti-Japanese War, the Chinese architects began to realize the
truth that Chinese and Western timber structure have their own advantages and shortcomings, thus they tried to
break away the mode of representation, open up new design thinking for the “China problem” based on efficiency
consideration. |
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